The Effect of Identity Salience on Residents' Engagement with Place Branding during and Post COVID-19 Pandemic

It is critical for tourism managers and marketers to understand how to support the sustainable recovery of the industry by involving residents in tourism marketing. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic, as an environmental stimulus, could enhance the salience of residents' collective identity, thereby increasing their engagement with place branding. A conceptual framework was developed to explore the role of relationship-inducing factors and non-relationship-inducing factors in activating residents' collective identity based on the social identity salience theory of relationship marketing success. The research model was tested using data from 603 questionnaires collected from Sanya, China, during the period of a sudden COVID-19-related crisis. The findings from the statistical analyses showed significant relationships among the research variables, and the moderating role of perceived social connectedness was supported. Our findings have implications regarding how to engage residents in the tourism recovery process during and post the COVID-19 pandemic.

Prevalence of psychological symptoms and associated risk factors among nurses in 30 provinces during the COVID-19 pandemic in China

Summary Background With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), nurses have won well-deserved recognition for their indispensable roles in providing humane and professional healthcare for patients. However, by the nature of their role working at the forefront of patient care, nurses are prone to experiencing mental health consequences. Therefore, we pay attention to measuring the magnitude of psychological symptoms and identifying associated factors among nurses in China. Methods We launched a nationwide, cross-sectional survey of nurses who worked in secondary or tertiary hospitals and public or private hospitals from 30 provinces in China. The prevalence and severity of symptoms of burnout, depression, and anxiety were investigated, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with each psychological symptom. Findings A total of 138 279 respondents who worked in 243 hospitals completed this survey. A substantial proportion of nurses reported symptoms of burnout (34%), depression (55·5%), and anxiety (41·8%). In line with the disproportionality of economic development, we noted that the middle or western region was an independent risk factor for depression and anxiety. Compared with those working in the secondary hospital, nurses who worked in tertiary hospitals were associated with a higher likelihood of burnout and depression. Interpretation Nurses are experiencing emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion during the COVID-19 epidemic. Governments and health policymakers need to draw attention to reinforcing prevention and ameliorating countermeasures to safeguard nurses' health. Funding The strategic consulting project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering [2021-32-5]. Advanced Institute of Infomation Technology, Peking University, Zhejiang Province [2020-Z-17]

Computer-Aided and AILDE Approaches to Design Novel 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitors.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is a pivotal enzyme in tocopherol and plastoquinone synthesis and a potential target for novel herbicides. Thirty-five pyridine derivatives were selected to establish a Topomer comparative molecular field analysis (Topomer CoMFA) model to obtain correlation information between HPPD inhibitory activity and the molecular structure. A credible and predictive Topomer CoMFA model was established by "split in two R-groups" cutting methods and fragment combinations (q2 = 0.703, r2 = 0.957, ONC = 6). The established model was used to screen out more active compounds and was optimized through the auto in silico ligand directing evolution (AILDE) platform to obtain potential HPPD inhibitors. Twenty-two new compounds with theoretically good HPPD inhibition were obtained by combining the high-activity contribution substituents in the existing molecules with the R-group search via Topomer search. Molecular docking results revealed that most of the 22 fresh compounds could form stable π-π interactions. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) prediction and drug-like properties made 9 compounds potential HPPD inhibitors. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated that Compounds Y12 and Y14 showed good root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) values and stability. According to the AILDE online verification, 5 new compounds with potential HPPD inhibition were discovered as HPPD inhibitor candidates. This study provides beneficial insights for subsequent HPPD inhibitor design.

The COVID-19 Vaccination Behavior and Correlates in Diabetic Patients: A Health Belief Model Theory-Based Cross-Sectional Study in China, 2021.

The population with diabetes is more susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, and have a significantly higher coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) mortality rate. Previous studies have shown low willingness for the COVID-19 vaccination, and there are limited reports on the behavior and relevance of the COVID-19 vaccination. This study aimed to determine the uptake behavior and associated factors of the COVID-19 vaccine. In our cross-sectional questionnaire-based clinical study, 645 diabetes patients affiliated with two affiliated hospitals of Changzhi Medical College completed the questionnaire between June to October 2021. The health belief model (HBM) was used in examining factors influencing vaccination behavior. After adjusting for covariates with significant differences in social background characteristics, a multivariable logistic regression was used to determine predictors related to uptake in COVID-19 vaccination. A total of 162 vaccinated and 483 unvaccinated eligible diabetic patients were recruited. Patients who believed that the COVID-19 syndrome is severe (aOR3.67, 95%CI 1.88-7.17; p < 0.001), believe that vaccination can significantly reduce the risk of SARS-Cov-2 infection (aOR3.48, 95%CI 1.80-6.73; p < 0.001), believe that vaccination is beneficial to themselves and others (aOR 4.53, 95%CI 1.71-11.99; p = 0.002), think that relatives' vaccination status has a positive impact on their vaccination behavior (aOR 5.68, 95%CI 2.83-11.39; p < 0.001), and were more likely to be vaccinated; worrying about the adverse health effects of COVID-19 vaccination (aOR 0.18, 95%CI 0.09-0.35; p < 0.001) was negatively correlated with COVID-19 vaccination behavior. Health care workers should provide targeted informative interventions based on the safety and protective effects theory of HBM to improve vaccination behavior in patients with diabetes.

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Associated Factors among Diabetes Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Changzhi, Shanxi, China.

Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection, but vaccine hesitancy is a problem in this population. We investigated the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy among diabetes patients in China through a cross-sectional survey from April and August 2021 using a questionnaire administered to patients at two hospitals affiliated with Changzhi Medical College (Shanxi, China). The health belief model (HBM) is used examining factors influencing vaccine hesitancy. After adjusting for potential confounders, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze correlations between vaccine hesitancy and associated factors. Of the 483 participants, 56.4% (273/483) had vaccine hesitancy, including 58.2% (159/273) who were unsure of being vaccinated and 41.8% (114/273) who were unwilling. Although patients considered SARS-CoV-2 infection to be serious (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.36-6.42; p < 0.001), they had concerns about vaccine safety (aOR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.89-4.91; p < 0.001). Relatives' vaccination status did not influence participants' willingness to be vaccinated (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.39-4.25; p < 0.001). Disagreement with physicians' view that vaccination can reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection risk was independently correlated with vaccine hesitancy (aOR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.28-3.95; p < 0.001). Diabetes patients in China need to be educated on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine safety and protective effects to increase the vaccination rate in this population.

Characteristics of human coronavirus infection in acute respiratory infection cases in Shanghai, 2015-2019

Objective To understand the infection status of human coronavirus (HCoV) in acute respiratory infection cases in Shanghai, and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of human infection with coronavirus. Methods A total of 3 531 samples were collected through acute respiratory infection surveillance in Shanghai from 2015 to 2019, and multiplex PCR technology was used to detect common respiratory viruses. Results In the 3 531 samples, the virus detection rate was 39.73% (1 403/3 531). The detection rate of HCoV was 3.14% (111/3 531), ranking 3rd after the detection rates of influenza virus and rhinovirus/enteric virus. The spread subtypes were mainly HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-NL63. Different subtypes of HCoV spread alternately in the population every year. The incidence of co-infection was as high as 36.93% (41/111), and the proportion of co-infection in severe cases was high. Conclusion HCoV is an important pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection in Shanghai. It is necessary to strengthen the etiological surveillance in acute respiratory tract infection cases, especially the co-infection of HCoV and other pathogens.

Pre-diagnostic circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 and risk of COVID-19 mortality: results from UK Biobank.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deteriorates suddenly primarily due to excessive inflammatory injury, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is implicated in endocrine control of the immune system. However, the effect of IGF-1 levels on COVID-19 prognosis remains unknown. Using UK Biobank resource, we investigated the association between circulating IGF-1 concentrations and mortality risk (available death data updated on 07 Sep 2020) among COVID-19 patients who had pre-diagnostic serum IGF-1 measurements at baseline (2006-2010). Unconditional logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of mortality. Among 1670 COVID-19 patients, 415 deaths occurred due to COVID-19. Compared to the lowest quartile of IGF-1 concentrations, the highest quartile was associated with a 41% lower risk of mortality (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.41-0.86, P-trend = 0.01). In the continuous model, per 1-standard deviation increment in log-transformed IGF-1 was associated with a 15% reduction in the risk (intraclass correlation coefficients corrected OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.99). The association was largely consistent in the various stratified and sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, our data suggest that higher IGF-1 concentrations are associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 mortality. Further studies are required to determine whether and how targeting IGF-1 pathway might improve COVID-19 prognosis.